Clap counter using 8051 microcontroller (AT89C51)

Summary
Description
Circuit Diagram
Code
Components

Summary

This article explains the concept behind interfacing a sound sensor with the 8051 microcontroller (AT89C51). This project increases the count by one every time a sound is produced. It works well with the sound of a clap. The number of claps is displayed on an LCD module. The circuit consists of four modules, namely, a sound sensor, an amplifying circuit, a control circuit and a display module. The code for interfacing the sound sensor with the MCU is written in C language.

Description

The connections of different modules are shown in the circuit diagram. The data pins of the LCD are connected to port P2, while the control pins (RS, R/W & EN) are connected to pins 1-3 of port P1of AT89C51, respectively. The microcontroller receives sound pulses through the first pin of port P0.

A condenser microphone is used to sense the sound produced by the clap. This mic is connected to a two stage transistor amplifier. The mic output is thus amplified to a suitable level so that it can be detected at the TTL logic. A switching circuit made from a single transistor is also employed after the amplifier. The purpose of this circuit is to convert the analog signals into discrete digital signals, which are used as input for the MCU.

The output of the amplifier is coupled with a transistor switch. Whenever a high voltage output is received from the amplifier, it generates a pulse. The transistor switching circuit also ensures that a high TTL logic is not received at the microcontroller due to noise signals.

The pulse, from the switching circuit, is fed to the microcontroller, which is programmed to detect the pulses. Every time a pulse in detected, the count value is increased by one. The output is displayed on a 16x2 LCD screen.

The sensitivity of the sound sensor can be increased by improving the circuit of the amplifying unit. An op-amp can be used to increase the sensitivity.

Circuit Diagram

Code

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Components


39,373-Reads	Preset A preset is a three legged electronic component which can be made to offer varying resistance in a circuit. The resistance is varied by adjusting the rotary control over it. The adjustment can be done by using a small screw driver or...
67,926-Reads	Transistor BC547 BC547 is an NPN bi-polar junction transistor. A transistor, stands for transfer of resistance, is commonly used to amplify current. A small current at its base controls a larger current...
39,479-Reads	Transistor BC548 BC548 is general purpose silicon, NPN, bipolar junction transistor. It is used for amplification and switching purposes. The current gain may vary between 110 and 800. The maximum DC current gain is 800. ...
7,875-Reads	Condenser Microphone Condenser microphone (mic) is a transducer that uses a capacitor (or condenser) to convert acoustical energy into electrical energy. The sound waves result into electric...
135,554-Reads	AT89C51 Microcontroller AT89C51 is an 8-bit microcontroller and belongs to Atmel's 8051 family. ATMEL 89C51 has 4KB of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (...
138,870-Reads	LCD LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven segments...