Engineers Garage

  • Electronic Projects & Tutorials
    • Electronic Projects
      • Arduino Projects
      • AVR
      • Raspberry pi
      • ESP8266
      • BeagleBone
      • 8051 Microcontroller
      • ARM
      • PIC Microcontroller
      • STM32
    • Tutorials
      • Audio Electronics
      • Battery Management
      • Brainwave
      • Electric Vehicles
      • EMI/EMC/RFI
      • Hardware Filters
      • IoT tutorials
      • Power Tutorials
      • Python
      • Sensors
      • USB
      • VHDL
    • Circuit Design
    • Project Videos
    • Components
  • Articles
    • Tech Articles
    • Insight
    • Invention Stories
    • How to
    • What Is
  • News
    • Electronic Product News
    • Business News
    • Company/Start-up News
    • DIY Reviews
    • Guest Post
  • Forums
    • EDABoard.com
    • Electro-Tech-Online
    • EG Forum Archive
  • DigiKey Store
    • Cables, Wires
    • Connectors, Interconnect
    • Discrete
    • Electromechanical
    • Embedded Computers
    • Enclosures, Hardware, Office
    • Integrated Circuits (ICs)
    • Isolators
    • LED/Optoelectronics
    • Passive
    • Power, Circuit Protection
    • Programmers
    • RF, Wireless
    • Semiconductors
    • Sensors, Transducers
    • Test Products
    • Tools
  • Learn
    • eBooks/Tech Tips
    • Design Guides
    • Learning Center
    • Tech Toolboxes
    • Webinars & Digital Events
  • Resources
    • Digital Issues
    • EE Training Days
    • LEAP Awards
    • Podcasts
    • Webinars / Digital Events
    • White Papers
    • Engineering Diversity & Inclusion
    • DesignFast
  • Guest Post Guidelines
  • Advertise
  • Subscribe

89C51 Microcontroller based Pick n Place Robot

By Ashutosh Bhatt April 21, 2008

This is the same mechanical structure used in previous project but now it is interfaced with micro-controller 89C51. All the motions of robot will be controlled by 89C51. Full 360 degree rotation in horizontal plane and 90 degree movement in vertical plane is achieved.

Once all the parameters are set operation is fully automatic. Means set the angle of rotation and angle of inclination to pick up an object and object will be automatically picked up. Now again repeat the procedure to place an object somewhere else. 

The project is divided in to two parts (1) Mechanical Part (2) Electronic Part

click here to see complete mechanical structure figure, explanation etc. let’s directly move to electronic part

Electronic Part:-

Shown in Circuit Diagram tab 1.

There are two main components in circuit micro controller 89C51 and current driver chip UNL2003A. 89C51 is the heart of circuit which perform all the required tasks like

·         Accepts input from user through keypad (S1-S8)

·         Generates indication on LED panel (LED1 – LED8) of every action being performed

·        Generates suitable signals to energize / deenergize all relays (RL1-RL6) to run different motors

Connections:- out of four ports of 89C51 I have utilized three ports one for input and two for output. Port P1 is used as input port.  All port pins are connected to ground through push button switches S1 to S8. P0 port is configured as output port and all pins are connected to cathodes of LEDs LED1 – LED8. Anode of each LED is shorted and connected to 5 V Vcc. Pins of Port P2 are directly connected to inputs of current driver chip UNL2003A. Outputs of this chip drives six different relays RL1 – RL6.  

 Operation

Operation:- as written above the controller takes care of all the required tasks. The program written in it will do the required job. First thing is to detect key press and then perform required tasks. 8 different keys are used here for 8 different tasks. Please refer the table

Switch

Function

SW1

  Start rotating ACM1 clockwise / anticlockwise for specified angle

SW2

  Selects the direction of rotation of ACM1

SW3

  Increase the rotating angle of ACM1

SW4

  Decrease the rotating angle of ACM1

SW5

  Move the hand up word / down word

SW6

  Selects direction of moving for DCM1

SW7

  Open sliding grip

SW8

  Close sliding grip

When controller detects any key press event it will directly switch to that particular subroutine. 8 different subroutines are written for 8 different functions given above. To start or stop any AC / DC motor 89C51 will just will just switch ON / OFF that particular relay by giving high / low logic on port P2 pins.

Different LEDs are used to indicate different actions being performed. Please refer the table. 

LEDs

Indication

LED1

  Key press event

LED2

  Clockwise direction for ACM1

LED3

  Anticlockwise direction for ACM1

LED4

  Hand will move up

LED5

  Hand will move down

LED6

  Blinks when ever angle of ACM1 is increased. Stays ON if        maximum limit of  angle (180 deg) is reached.

LED7

 Blinks when ever angle of ACM1 is decreased. Stays ON if     minimum limit of  angle (30 deg) is reached.

LED8

  Indicates running of each motor

First, when one will press SW1 will switch ON RL1 for 2.5 sec so ACM1 will rotate for 2.5 sec means 30 degree rotations.

By pressing SW2, it will alternatively switch ON or OFF RL2 to change the direction of ACM1. Means by pressing it ones it will set anticlockwise direction and again when you press relay will be OFF and direction will be again set to clockwise.

Pressing SW3 will increase the delay for which ACM1 will rotate and thus it will increase angle of rotation. Delay is increased in multiple of 2.5 means 2.5, 5 ,7.5, 10………..As angle approaches to 180 deg means 15 sec delay no more increase in angle.

Pressing SW3 will decrease the delay for which ACM1 will rotate and thus it will decrease angle of rotation. Delay is decreased in multiple of 2.5 means  10, 7.5, 5, 2.5………..As angle approaches to 30 deg means 2.5 sec delay no more decrease in angle

RL3 will be switched ON till you press and hold SW5. Thus DCM1 will rotate till SW5 is pressed and hand will move up or down

By pressing SW6, it will alternatively switch ON or OFF RL4 to change the direction of DCM1. Means by pressing it ones it will set upward direction for hand and again when you press relay will be OFF and direction will be again set to downward.

Pressing and holding SW7 will switch ON RL5 and will run DCM2 thus opening the grip. Same way by pressing and holding SW8 will switch RL5 & RL6 both and this will run DCM2 in reverse direction thus closing the grip 

 

 

  •  

Circuit Diagrams

Electronic-Part


Filed Under: Electronic Projects
Tagged With: 89c51, microcontroller, pick n place, robot
 

Next Article

← Previous Article
Next Article →

Questions related to this article?
👉Ask and discuss on EDAboard.com and Electro-Tech-Online.com forums.



Tell Us What You Think!! Cancel reply

You must be logged in to post a comment.

EE TECH TOOLBOX

“ee
Tech Toolbox: 5G Technology
This Tech Toolbox covers the basics of 5G technology plus a story about how engineers designed and built a prototype DSL router mostly from old cellphone parts. Download this first 5G/wired/wireless communications Tech Toolbox to learn more!

EE Learning Center

EE Learning Center
“engineers
EXPAND YOUR KNOWLEDGE AND STAY CONNECTED
Get the latest info on technologies, tools and strategies for EE professionals.

HAVE A QUESTION?

Have a technical question about an article or other engineering questions? Check out our engineering forums EDABoard.com and Electro-Tech-Online.com where you can get those questions asked and answered by your peers!


RSS EDABOARD.com Discussions

  • BF999 Input and output impedance
  • Industrial Relay Board Design for Motorcycle Use
  • Sendust vs Ferrite for SMPS
  • On/Off Slide Switch Reassembly Help
  • sim7090g

RSS Electro-Tech-Online.com Discussions

  • I Wanna build a robot
  • Wierd makita battery
  • using a RTC in SF basic
  • Is AI making embedded software developers more productive?
  • ac current limiting

Featured – LoRa/LoRaWan Series

  • What is the LoRaWAN network and how does it work?
  • Understanding LoRa architecture: nodes, gateways, and servers
  • Revolutionizing RF: LoRa applications and advantages
  • How to build a LoRa gateway using Raspberry Pi
  • How LoRa enables long-range communication
  • How communication works between two LoRa end-node devices

Recent Articles

  • STMicroelectronics unveils SoC based on secure MCU
  • Nexperia’s 48 V ESD diodes support higher data rates with ultra-low capacitance design
  • Taoglas releases Patriot antenna with 18 integrated elements covering 600 to 6000 MHz
  • Amphenol RF introduces SMPM to SMPM assemblies on RG-178 cable
  • Infineon launches 3D magnetic sensors with ±50 mT to ±160 mT measurement ranges

EE ENGINEERING TRAINING DAYS

engineering

Submit a Guest Post

submit a guest post
Engineers Garage
  • Analog IC TIps
  • Connector Tips
  • Battery Power Tips
  • DesignFast
  • EDABoard Forums
  • EE World Online
  • Electro-Tech-Online Forums
  • EV Engineering
  • Microcontroller Tips
  • Power Electronic Tips
  • Sensor Tips
  • Test and Measurement Tips
  • 5G Technology World
  • Subscribe to our newsletter
  • About Us
  • Contact Us
  • Advertise

Copyright © 2025 WTWH Media LLC. All Rights Reserved. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of WTWH Media
Privacy Policy

Search Engineers Garage

  • Electronic Projects & Tutorials
    • Electronic Projects
      • Arduino Projects
      • AVR
      • Raspberry pi
      • ESP8266
      • BeagleBone
      • 8051 Microcontroller
      • ARM
      • PIC Microcontroller
      • STM32
    • Tutorials
      • Audio Electronics
      • Battery Management
      • Brainwave
      • Electric Vehicles
      • EMI/EMC/RFI
      • Hardware Filters
      • IoT tutorials
      • Power Tutorials
      • Python
      • Sensors
      • USB
      • VHDL
    • Circuit Design
    • Project Videos
    • Components
  • Articles
    • Tech Articles
    • Insight
    • Invention Stories
    • How to
    • What Is
  • News
    • Electronic Product News
    • Business News
    • Company/Start-up News
    • DIY Reviews
    • Guest Post
  • Forums
    • EDABoard.com
    • Electro-Tech-Online
    • EG Forum Archive
  • DigiKey Store
    • Cables, Wires
    • Connectors, Interconnect
    • Discrete
    • Electromechanical
    • Embedded Computers
    • Enclosures, Hardware, Office
    • Integrated Circuits (ICs)
    • Isolators
    • LED/Optoelectronics
    • Passive
    • Power, Circuit Protection
    • Programmers
    • RF, Wireless
    • Semiconductors
    • Sensors, Transducers
    • Test Products
    • Tools
  • Learn
    • eBooks/Tech Tips
    • Design Guides
    • Learning Center
    • Tech Toolboxes
    • Webinars & Digital Events
  • Resources
    • Digital Issues
    • EE Training Days
    • LEAP Awards
    • Podcasts
    • Webinars / Digital Events
    • White Papers
    • Engineering Diversity & Inclusion
    • DesignFast
  • Guest Post Guidelines
  • Advertise
  • Subscribe