EMC stands for Electromagnetic compatibility, which means that a device is compatible with (i.e., no interference is caused by) its electromagnetic (EM) environment. It does not emit levels of EM energy that generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) in other devices in the vicinity. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is the interference caused by one electrical or electronic device…
What are EMS/EMC immunity lab tests?
EMC test is known as Electromagnetic Compatibility, a certification for electronic devices to maintain their limitation of electromagnetic waves. As discussed in the previous article, there are two types of EMC tests – emission (EMI) and immunity (EMS). EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) tests measure the magnetic waves emitted by the device, and EMS (Electromagnetic Susceptibility) tests…
What are some common EMI/EMC tests?
An EMC test is known as Electromagnetic compatibility, a certification for electronic devices to maintain their limitation of electromagnetic waves. As discussed in the previous article, there are two types of EMC tests: emission (EMI) and immunity (EMS). EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) tests measure the magnetic waves emitted by the device, and EMS (Electromagnetic Susceptibility) tests…
How to perform an EMI/EMC pre-compliance test
EMC testing is essential to get a certification of Electromagnetic Emission and Immunity test before launching the product in the market. However, actual EMC tests are pretty expensive. Before going for the actual EMC test, the product should test in EMC pre-compliance test Lab. Pre-compliance testing will mimic all tests performed at EMI/EMC test labs…
EMS/EMC Pre-Compliance immunity test
In the previous article, we learned about EMI/EMC pre-compliance test. EMS/EMC pre-compliance immunity test is required before the compliance test. EMS/EMC pre-compliance immunity test will give the confidence to pass the compliance test. The pre-compliance immunity test simulates all the tests done at the compliance test lab, but it is unnecessary to apply all the…
How to design a distance meter using ESP32
The Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed how we interact with one another and our environment. As devices become smarter and more connected, do-it-yourself (DIY) projects have become increasingly popular. One such project involves developing a distance meter using the ESP32, a versatile microcontroller with built-in Wi-FI, Bluetooth connectivity, and diverse capabilities. This project highlights…
How to create an RFID-based locker system using Arduino
Need somewhere to secure a few items? No problem! In this project, we’ll design an RFID-based locker system that offers a reliable and convenient solution for securing objects using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Working operation: The RFID locker system The RFID reader scans a unique tag, and if it matches a pre-registered one, the…
How to build a smart system using Arduino that alerts drivers of fatigue
Road safety is a critical concern, with driver fatigue and distractions among the leading causes of accidents. In this project, we’ll devise a smart system using Arduino UNO and a blink-eye sensor to monitor driver alertness. If the driver shows signs of drowsiness, the system takes proactive measures to prevent a potential accident. This includes…
How to build a smart clock that measures temperature and humidity
These smart clocks, powered by the ESP8266 D1 Mini, offer more than just timekeeping. In addition to displaying the current time, they measure temperature and humidity, making them versatile tools for monitoring environmental conditions. Equipped with a DHT22 sensor, these clocks provide accurate air temperature and humidity readings, displayed alongside the time on a 1.8-inch…
How to create holiday lights without programming knowledge
The holiday season is just around the corner. Although there’s no shortage of ready-made solutions for lighting up the Christmas tree, creating a personalized set of lights can get you in the holiday spirit. In this article, we’ll explore an easy way to design your own RGB lights for Christmas — without the need for…
How to build a LoRa gateway using Raspberry Pi
As its name suggests, long-range wide-area network or LoRaWAN technology is widely used for long-range, low-power communication in Internet-of-things (IoT) applications. In this article, we’ll guide you through the process of connecting an SX130x 868M LoRaWAN Gateway Module to a Raspberry Pi 4 using hardware attached on top (HAT). This setup creates a LoRaWAN gateway,…
How to make a smart dustbin using Arduino?
Smart technology refers to devices and systems that use advanced computing, connectivity, and data analytics to enhance functionality and efficiency. Devices such as smartphones, watches, and appliances connect to the Internet and one another via the Internet of Things (IoT), allowing for real-time data exchange and remote control. One innovative application of this technology is…
Best practices for securing LoRa networks
This article explains how to establish secure communication between two LoRa end-node devices using Lora E5 mini boards. LoRa, which stands for “long range,” is a wireless technology with the ability to send small amounts of data over large distances. Two end-node devices can exchange encrypted messages. The transmitting device encrypts the message before sending…
Understanding battery management systems
A battery-management system (BMS) is an electronic system or circuit that monitors the charging, discharging, temperature, and other factors influencing the state of a battery or battery pack, with an overall goal of accurately indicating the remaining time available for use. It’s used to monitor and maintain the health and capacity of a battery. Today’s…
How to build an alcohol detector with the MQ3 gas sensor
Depending on the country, as many as 25 to 35% of motor vehicle accidents happen because of drunk driving every year. When drivers consume alcohol, they not only put themselves at risk but others on the road. Fortunately, such accidents are preventable with a combination of education, personal responsibility, and community efforts. There are also…
How to design a heart-rate monitor using LoRa and Arduino
In this electronics project, we’ll design a healthcare solution over LoRa, using an Arduino Nano and a heart-rate sensor connected via the I2C bus. This device demonstrates the potential of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) in enhancing healthcare services and improving patient outcomes. The system measures a person’s heart rate in beats per minute (BPM) from a…
Introduction to batteries and their types
What is a Battery? A battery is an electrochemical device that can store energy in the form of chemical energy. It translates to electric energy when the battery is connected in a circuit due to the flow of electrons because of the specific placement of chemicals. It was invented by Alessandro Volta, whereas Gaston Plante…
How rechargeable batteries, charging, and discharging cycles work
The battery stores electrical energy in form of chemical energy and the chemical energy again able to convert into electrical energy. The conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy is called discharging. The chemical reaction during discharge makes electrons flow through the external load connected at the terminals which causes the current flow in the…
What are the different battery types for specific applications?
In this article, we will learn how to choose a battery according to the specifications and requirements of your application. Some applications need more power and some need to be cheap with less power. There are various factors and parameters that to consider when choosing the best battery for your application. No one battery is…
How to use a buck-boost converter to regulate a Li-ion battery
Nearly every electronic device today relies on a battery as a power source. The dc-dc converter plays a significant role in maintaining the working time of the battery. A buck-boost dc-dc converter is an ideal choice for the most efficient and reliable battery range. The buck-boost converter provides the regulated voltage in the Lithium (Li-ion)…