How to Get an Organic Input Signal: Circuit to Detect a Living Organism

What is this?

This is a device which will detect the organic living organisms when it is come in contact. It will send the signal in the form of electric current. If the organism is big enough, then the amount of current as a signal will found out the size of the organism. If the size of the organism is very big like an elephant then the amount of current will be very high. Oh…… this is a task to do. Let talk about how it actually works.

How it works?

I usually make very easy circuits for you so that very weak student in electric current can also be able to understand it and make it. So here it go…..

It only works with 2 transistors. Both PNP and NPN. Just you should have two transistors and by connecting it in the particular pattern and then you will be ready with that.

What you should know?

1. About NPN transistor: An NPN (negative-positive-negative) contains common base, common emitter and common collector.

2. About PNP transistor: An PNP (positive-negative-positive) also contains common base, common emitter and common collector.

Materials required:

2 transistors (NPN and PNP), connecting wires, battery, an aluminium foil and a bulb.

How to Get an Organic Input Signal: Circuit to Detect a Living Organism

Fig. 1: Imageof NPN and PNP transistors

Procedure:

1. Take everything in front of you.

How to Get an Organic Input Signal: Circuit to Detect a Living Organism

Fig. 2: Overview of transistor circuit used for detection of living being

2. Now start making the as shown in the figure.

3. Connect everything by seeing in the figure.

What you should remember:

There are so many thing to remember and you have to do it very carefully.

1. Never connect it with high voltage.

3 2. Always use circuit powered with battery. This is a safe decision for the user.

3. You may get mild shock if you connect it with high voltage.

Brief description on this:

How you can use it?

1. There are so many ways to use it. Some you it as an animal trapper when any animal comes to eat the pray or their food in the cage in which this circuit is fix. When he will tough the sensor it will be activated and the cage will close. You may also do this as this is very easy and compatible. You can trap rat by this whenever any rat will touches it the signal will be sent and the rat will be trapped.

2. There are also man who uses it to make very exiting circuits by making it in the secrete touch pad. In this they will attach it in such an area from where any organic living being passes and then you see the circuits send signal when any one pass though it and we get the message that it is coming and we can prepare for that or we can make it automatic.

3. Some of the human in this world use it as a password. In this there will be more than 100 buttons and one of the buttons is connected to the transistor and the rest of the buttons with the high voltage current. The actual person can open it or touch in the correct button. And the thief will not be able to do this. He will get the electric shock. And he will be caught.

How company use it.

1. Earlier it was used in the mobile or portable items. Now also it is being used in some machines. Till it is in your hand the machine will responded if you leave it, it will go to the sleeping mode.

2. It is used in some machines to avoid electric shock to a man who is touching that machine.

It will stop passing electricity from there and you can be saved there.

Precautions:

1. The circuit should not be so untidy that you only forget the wiring and get electric shock.

2. You should connect everything properly.

3. No one should be allowed to test it.

4. Don’t use less resistor use high value resistors to make a signal not to an electric current.

5. There is an advantage in this that the circuit will not give you electric shock.

Species Catching Plate

Species catching Plate

Making this circuit is very easy and risk free you all can make it very easily.

Project cost: around $8 (around Rs.500 INR).

Difficulty: Not so hard.

What is this plate?

This is a plate in which any species whether it is insect or bird or any animal etc. You can find any species by watching its legs fingers how they are. By this you can guess which animal has passed though it right now. If it is an insect then very small area will be lighted up and if it is any small animal then by finger print of that animal you can guess out which animal it could be.

You should know about transistor and making circuits.

About transistor:-

Transistors are of two types. You should know about all of them. One is NPN and the other one is PNP. Both are totally different from each other. In this circuit given below transistor are required more. For one LED you have to take one NPN transistor and one PNP transistor and an input board.

Material required: You only have to need is equal number of PNP transistor, NPN transistor, LED and pins,6 X multiplexer (54150/7415), 6X de-multiplexer (HEF4514B_CNV ), 2X 555 timer IC and 2X 4017 IC.

You can get basic idea by looking at the image below.

How to Get an Organic Input Signal: Circuit to Detect a Living Organism

Fig. 3: Overview of transistor circuit used for detection of living being

PROCEDURE:

1. First you have to know for how much display LED’s you want to use. I am talking as of 100 LED’s means that 10X10 led matrix.

2. Take 100 NPN as well as PNP transistor as to make this circuit.

3. When you have taken this transistor make sure you have to attach NPN with a LED and PNP with the input pins.

4. Collectors of all the transistor should be connected with positive ( +ive ) terminal of the battery.

5. Base of the PNP should be connected with the pins

6. Emitter of PNP transistor will act as signal sender so these wire will be going to the 54150/7415 multiplexer IC which will compress the data in to 16:1.

7. We will require 6 IC here so that we will get 96 of the wire in 6 wires.

8. The remaining of the wire will come there directly.

9. Now we are having a total of 10 wires.

10. In the data analysis end we will have de-multiplexer (HEF4514B_CNV ) which is 1:16 so that 6 wires which has came from the sensor board will be again changed into 96 wires.

11. The 4 wire which is coming from there will be as it is.

12. These (96+4) wire coming from there will be connected in the base of the NPN transistor.

13. You will be able to see the 4 wire form the multiplexer and de-multiplexer in the circuit.

14. These 4 wire are called (A, B, C, D) wires.

15. Connect all A wires of de-multiplexer similarly connect all B wires of de-multiplexer, similarly with C and D.

16. In the input data sensing board end connect all A with A, B with B, similarly with C and D as you have done in multiplexer.

17. You have to make 2 circuits of pulse generating with 555 timer IC with 4017 IC.

18. Connect these circuit one in the first end and the second one in the second means data analysis end.

19. We have to pass same pulse so we have to make same circuits.

Benefits: These circuits are very beneficial in the area from where we need to know what types of species are living in that area in the night also without knowing anyone. Means that you want to know that what type of species are there which passes from that area. This machine will be the best for you school project too.

The best place to use this machine: This machine is used to catch fish.

You may be thinking that how this machine is used there. This machine will tell you that is there any fish inside the water at that area. You also know this that the water is directly connected with the ground (earth) so when you will place this machine the whole led will glow but the led will be dim. And then when the fish comes near this machine it doesn’t need to touch it. When see will come near to the machine the led will start glowing brighter which is the indicator of the fish there.