After making many microcontroller projects with character lcd’s(16×1,16×2) and interfacing them with variety of microcontrollers (arduino, microchip pin microcontroller,8051 series,stm32 etc). I still get emails from students about what is the difference between character lcd interfacing in 4-bit and 8-bit mode. So i decided why not to write a post on difference between lcd 4-bit…
Difference Between Touch Screens And Normal Keypads
Difference between touch screens and manual keypads Keypad generally comes in 4×4 , 4×3 , 3×4 matrices. Some multinational companies make their own keypads for their projects. Like we see in our daily life the keypad on ATM(Automated Teller Machine) and Photo copy machine is of many variations like 4×5 , 5×4 etc . The keypads on our cell…
NxN(8×1 , 8×2 , 10×2 , 16×1 , 16×2 , 16×4 , 20×2 , 20×4 ,24×2 , 30×2 , 32×2 , 40×2) Character lcd working, Pinout and description
Lcd stands for liquid crystal display. Character and graphical lcd’s are most common among hobbyist and diy electronic circuit/project makers. Since their interface serial/parallel pins are defined so its easy to interface them with many microcontrollers. Many products we see in our daily life have lcd’s with them. They are used to show status of the…
ATM Machine System in C++
Here is a simple project on ATM(Automated teller machine).The code is written in c++ language. Visual studio is used to compile the code. The code carry out all the functions that all standard atm machines do. You can check amount present in your account, withdraw balance and deposit amount. In the code below there are…
Variable Frequency PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) signal generation using Timers of Arduino(Atmega328p Microcontroller)/Arduino Fast PWM
In this post i am going to explain how to generate PWM of variable frequency using Atmega328 microcontroller? OR how to generate a variable frequency PWM signal using Arduino Uno? Arduino uno board contains an atmel Atmega328 microcontroller on it. I am going to generate a PWM of 50% duty cycle on frequencies between 10Hz…
Difference between Common Anode and Cathode seven segment display
Seven segment displays are very commonly used today. 7 segment displays are kind of led displays. You can find 7 segment displays on different electronic devices which display some status in the form of numbers. They are used to display time in digital watches, display speed of automobile in cars, on old buffers, washing machines…
How to blink an led using 8051(89c51,89c52) series Microcontrollers
This project/tutorial is about getting started with 8051 microcontrollers and keil ide. In this post i am going to explain a simple code on How to blink an Led using 8051(89c51,89c52) series microcontrollers. I am going to write code in c language. The tutorial is helpful for those that are going to practice 89c51 microcontroller programming in…
How to use internal timer registers of 8051(89c51,89c52) microcontroller
8051(89c51,89c52) series microcontrollers have two build in timers, Timer-0 and Timer-1. You can use them as counters, event counters. Since we can use them as counters so we can easily generate time-delays and baud rate for serial UART communication. They can also be used as interrupt counters. Both the 8051 microcontroller timers 0 and 1 are…
Arduino solar/sun tracker with data logger
This project by a final year student from university of liverpool is about monitoring the solar energy emitted by sun using solar panels and arduino. Data acquisition and logging is also part of the project. A single arduino mega, 20×4 lcd, arduino SD card module and 2 small solar panels are part of the project. Solar…
Driving/Running and Controlling High Power loads with Microcontrollers
Some times we want to drive heavy loads with microcontrollers. By heavy loads i mean motors, fans, AC’s, bulbs and other high voltage and current sources. Since we all know that microcontrollers can output/source +3.3 volts to +5 volts and 25 mA to 40 mA through their input/output pins. This voltage and current is not…
Rover control in 3D space final year project
This final year project by a student of university of liverpool is about controlling a rover in 3D space. He simulated the project in 3D space and depicted as the rover is moving on mars. This rover project can be taken further and many more functionalities can be added to rover. For example the on-board camera…
Whole body vibration monitoring/assessment DIY project
This project is by a student of university of Liverpool. Project falls in the category of digital and embedded systems. This embedded project is done at bachelors level. Researchers in the field of vibration and movement are trying their best to build a sensor which can monitor whole vibration of the body. In this project…
4×4 alphanumeric keypad programming for 8051
The first thing you must know how does the keypad works.we initially make our keypad rows and coulombs high 1(Actually making the pins connected to the rows and coulombs high 1). When you press any key of the keypad the corresponding row and coulomb of the keypad becomes grounded.now we simply check the corresponding row and coulomb and identify which key is pressed. Here i am giving a code which checks…
Character Lcd 8×1, 8×2, 8×4, 16×1, 16×2 20×1, 20×2, 20×4, 24×1, 24×2, 24×4, 32×1, 32×2, 40×1, 40×2, 40×4 Pinout and Working
In this tutorial I am going to explain about the pin out, working and control systems of character lcd’s. Character lcd’s comes in many sizes for example 8×1, 8×2, 8×4, 16×1, 16×2, 20×1, 20×2, 20×4, 24×1, 24×2, 24×4, 32×1, 32×2, 40×1, 40×2 and 40×4. In these MxN dimensions, M represents number of coulombs & N…
Difference between Arduino and 8051(89c51,89c52) Microcontrollers
Now a days Arduino is much popular among hobbyist, students, kids and diy circuit/project makers. Almost all prefer to use arduino in their projects. Before arduino electronics, electrical and embedded systems engineers use to work with 8051 microcontrollers, pic microcontrollers, nxp, avr, arm and atmega etc microcontrollers. So whats make’s people now a days to…
MAX232 Pin out and Working
Max 232 is an ic(integrated circuit) which converts TTL(Transistor Transistor logic) logic level signal in to its equivalent RS-232c level signal and Rs-232c level to its equivalent TTL level signal.This ic is very important in case when we need to make connection and transfer data between devices that works on different signal level wave forms(TTL, Rs232c etc). For…
8051 Microcontroller Registers
Timer Registers TCON (Timer Control register) TCON is an 8-bit register. Its bits are used for generating interrupts internal or external. The most important bits of the timer TR and TF are also in it. TR (timer run) and TF (timer overflow) bits which we use in almost all over timer applications are in it. TCON register IT0/IT1=> Used for…
Difference between Commands and Data Send to 16×2 Character Lcd
All the character lcd’s of any size 8×1, 8×2 , 10×2 , 16×1 , 16×2 , 16×4 , 20×2 , 20×4 , 24×2 , 30×2 , 32×2 , 40×2, 40×4 contains HD44780 lcd controller in them. If not HD4478 then a controller compatible to it. HD44780 is responsible to accept data from external controller, verify data if correct…
Social Bookmarking
Bookmarking is the term used to save the websites on the browser with a purpose to remember that site for future use. The use of internet is lifting up since last two decades and there are a lot of new services came and got popularity. To bookmark the websites online and access them from anywhere,…
Google Trends – Know the searching trends
Google is the largest website on the internet and providing a variety of services. We generally use its services like Search, Gmail, Google Plus, etc. But besides these popular services Google provides a list of other tools and services that are relatively less popular. One such tool is Google Trends. It is the tool that…