The term transistor is derived from the words “transfer and “resistor.” The first semiconductor transistor was invented to replace the triode as an amplifier device, a vacuum tube with three electrodes. The transistor was smaller, lighter, and cheaper than a vacuum tube triode. It also proved easy to construct and had no heat losses like…

The first working point contact transistor developed by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley at Bell laboratories in 1947 initiated the rapid growth of the information technology industry. In 1958, J Kilby invented the first integrated circuit flip flop at Texas and soon after this; Frank Wanlass at Fairchild described the first CMOS logic…