This is a very commonly used circuit in the field of robotics to run the permanent magnet DC motors in both the direction i.e., to change the polarity. It uses four transistors for its operation. The transistors are properly biased to be used as switches. The motor rotates in one direction when one set of diagonally connected transistor are switched on. When the other pair of diagonally connected transistor is switched on the motor rotates in other direction. Since the entire circuit resembles the shape of the alphabet “H” it is called an H-Bridge.
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