The basic operation flow cycle that a computer performs recursively, during which it fetches the opcodes for the instructions from the memory, decodes it, reads the associated memory address, fetches operands and finally executes the instruction is called an Instruction cycle for the computer. The result of the operation may be stored in the main memory or sent to the output device followed by an update in the Program Counter for the next instruction cycle. Various microprocessor components like Program Counter, Memory Address Register and Data Register, Instruction Register, Control Unit and ALU are involved in each cycle.
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