Nanotechnology is the engineering of systems on atomic and molecular levels such that at least one dimension of devices or structures is sized between 1 to 100 nanometers. It involves design, characterization and production of devices by controlled manipulation of size at the nanometer scale to produce at least one superior characteristic. It encompasses various scientific fields ranging from device physics to surface chemistry, organic chemistry, semiconductor physics, micro fabrication etc. It can use bottom-up approaches where materials are controlled and built on nanoscales using chemical means or top-down approaches which have descended from solid-state silicon methods like microprocessor design.
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