Looking around, we find ourselves to be surrounded by various types of embedded systems. Be it a digital camera or a mobile phone or a washing machine, all of them has some kind of processor functioning inside it. Associated with each processor is the embedded software. If hardware forms the body of an embedded system, embedded processor acts as the brain, and embedded software forms its soul. It is the embedded software which primarily governs the functioning of embedded systems.
Hex File Format
The Intel hex (ihex) generally known as hex file, is a format used to store machine language code in hexadecimal form. It is widely used format to store programs to be transferred to microcontrollers, ROM and EEPROM. The compilers convert the programs written in assembly, C etc into corresponding hex files, which are dumped…
BootLoader
What is BootLoader? A Bootloader is the first program which executes (before the main program) whenever a system is initialized. In PC It is used to boot he OS of the system. In case of microcontrollers, a bootloader enriches the capabilities of the microcontroller and makes them self programmable device. This article will explore…
AVR ATmega16/32 Fuse Bits
Summary Updating with the era of technology, the new microcontrollers are coming with lots of inbuilt peripherals and features. These inbuilt peripherals and features not only reduce the cost of additional circuits to be used with the controller but also provide an ease to interface additional devices (such as Modems etc) directly with the microcontroller. The…
AVR ATmega32 TWI Registers
AVR (ATmega32) contains some in-built registers for TWI communication which not only reduce the level of complexity but also make the whole communication process smooth. These registers have been explained in this tutorial. 1. TWBR (TWI Bit Rate Register) : TWBR7 TWBR6 TWBR5 TWBR4 TWBR3 TWBR2 TWBR1 TWBR0 This register is used in master…
AVR Microcontroller : All You Need To Know- (Part 1/46)
There are number of popular families of microcontrollers which are used in different applications as per their capability and feasibility to perform the desired task, most common of these are 8051, AVR and PIC microcontrollers. This article introduces the AVR family of microcontrollers.AVR was developed in the year 1996 by Atmel Corporation. AVR is an 8-bit microcontroller belonging to the family of Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC). In RISC architecture the instruction set of the computer are not only fewer in number but also simpler and faster in operation.