Arduino are single-board microcontrollers that are easily programmable through a USB connection. They are used with electronics to design embedded system prototypes, the Internet-of-Things (IoT), and electronic gadgets. Much like other microcontrollers, Arduino provides software-backed computing and embedded control to basic electronics applications. That means getting started with Arduino is no different than with other…
Arduino compatible coding 03: Basics of Arduino sketches and Embedded C
The previous tutorial included a discussion about the tools and components necessary to get started with Arduino. However, before starting with Arduino UNO (or any other Arduino board) — and experimenting with hardware projects on various sensors, actuators, and modules — it’s important to get through the basics of Arduino sketches and the embedded C…
Arduino compatible coding 04: Interfacing and driving LED by digital output
In the previous tutorial, we discussed the basics about Arduino sketches, with a a quick Arduino language reference. Now, it’s time to get our hands dirty. Interfacing LED and driving digital output from a source is the “Hello World” of embedded systems. As discussed in the previous tutorial, a microcontroller interfaces and interacts with other…
Arduino compatible coding 05: Interfacing buttons for digital input
In the previous tutorial, we discussed digital output from Arduino to drive an LED. A controller can interface and interact with other devices in five ways: digital output, digital input, analog output, analog input, and serial communication. In this tutorial, we will use digital input from Arduino to read the state of a tactile switch…
Arduino compatible coding 06: Analog output (PWM) on Arduino and LED fading
In the previous tutorial, we discussed the digital input process for using Arduino. We also explained push buttons (momentary type buttons) and how to use them for data or command input via a digital input. Any controller can interface and interact with other electronic devices in five ways: digital output, digital input, analog output, analog input,…
Stackpole introduces anti-surge chip resistors for small electronics power needs
For GaN-based battery management for consumer electronics and computer peripherals, the demand for high power and precision is escalating. While a variety of technology options offer lower resistance values suited for these applications, all-metal element resistors, like Stackpole’s CSS/CSSH Series, remain a popular choice despite their higher cost and wider tolerance range of 1% and…
TDK Corporation expands power supplies series with three-phase, AC input models
TDK Corporation announces the addition of higher power, three-phase AC input models to the TDK-Lambda DRB series of DIN rail mount power supplies. With 24V, 48V, and 72V outputs, the products are rated for continuous operation at 480W or 960W and can deliver a boost of 720W and 1440W respectively for up to seven seconds.…
TDK boosts capacitance in compact 100 V automotive MLCCs for 48 V electrical systems
TDK Corporation has expanded its CGA series of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) to 2.2μF in 2012 size (2.0 x 1.25 x 1.25mm – L x W x T) and 4.7μF in 3216 size (3.2 x 1.6 x 1.6 mm – L x W x T), with the industry’s highest capacitance*, as 100V products for automotive…
TDK introduces series of industrial ac-dc power suppliers
TDK Corporation announces the introduction of the ZWS-C series of 10, 15, 30, and 50W-rated industrial AC-DC power supplies. The products meet EN55011/EN55032-B conducted and radiated EMI in either a Class I or Class II (double insulated) construction, without the need for external filtering or shielding. With electrolytic capacitor lifetimes of up to 15 years,…
Arduino-based optical proximity sensor using IR LEDs
Proximity sensors are used to detect something approaching near. These sensors are useful in many applications like collision avoidance, obstacle detection, path following, touchless sensing, motion detection, and object detection. There are different types of proximity sensors like optical, ultrasonic, capacitive, inductive, and magnetic. The capacitive, inductive, and magnetic proximity sensors are used in specific…
What role do automotive sensors play in modern vehicles?
A network of sensors is embedded throughout vehicles, serving as a critical type of “nervous system” that detects and measures different automotive parameters. This network is essential for a vehicle’s safety, performance, and efficiency. Several types of sensors are responsible for different roles, such as monitoring the temperature of engine components, the speed of the…
CUI Devices expands DC axial fan line with IP68-rated waterproof models
CUI Devices’ Thermal Management Group announced the addition of IP68-rated fan models to its line of DC axial fans. These waterproof DC fans offer complete protection against moisture and dust, making them ideal for a range of harsh environments such as refrigeration, HVAC, medical, and more. The IP68-rated fans feature dual ball bearing construction, square frame sizes of…
IOT Building Blocks and Architecture: IOT Part 2
In the previous tutorial, a brief introduction of Internet of things was presented. The importance, challenges, applications and trends in IOT were discussed. Now, equipped with basic understanding of IOT, it’s time to investigate the building blocks of IOT. IOT is developed as a package with integration of various technologies. Each technology has its own principle role within the IOT system. In this tutorial, the basic building blocks of IOT and their place in an IOT infrastructure will be examined.
IoT Standards and Protocols: IoT Part 3
In the previous tutorial, a basic architecture of an IOT system was discussed. From the discussions in the previous tutorial, it must be clear that communication network is the backbone of any IOT system. It is only the (internet) network that enables IOT devices (boards) and cloud based services and applications to communicate with each other. Without internet network, IOT is nothing. Data communication on an internet network is not as straight forward. There are myriad of heterogeneous devices connected over internet and these plethora of unique devices need to communicate in a secure, reliable and routed fashion.
Physical and Data Link Layer Protocols – Ethernet, BLE, Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi Direct and WPA: IoT Part 4
In the previous tutorial, reference architecture for IOT was compared with OSI and TCP-IP models and various data communication protocols for different layers of IOT architecture were mentioned. In this tutorial, the physical and data link layer protocols will be discussed in details. The physical and data link layer comprises of the IOT objects and physical networks connecting them with other objects or network.
Physical and Data Link Layer Protocols for LPWAN: IOT Part 5
In the previous tutorial, various physical and data link layer protocols specified for computers and mobile devices were discussed. Continuing the subject of physical and data link protocols, in this tutorial, network access protocols specified for LPWAN will be discussed. LPWAN stands for Low Power Wide Area Network. In general, LPWAN is a low power long range wireless network in which battery powered IOT devices surrounded by wireless sensors (Wireless Sensor Network) are interconnected.
Physical and Data Link Layer Protocols for LAN, HAN and PAN: IOT Part 6
In the previous tutorial, various physical and data link layer protocols developed for LPWAN were discussed. In this tutorial, protocol stacks developed for Personal Area Network (PAN), Home Area Network (HAN) and Local Area Network (LAN) will be discussed.
Physical and Data Link Layer Protocols – RFID and Mobile Standards: IOT Part 7
In the previous tutorial, various physical and media access control (MAC) protocol for Personal Area Network (PAN), Home Area Network (HAN) and Local Area Network (LAN) were discussed. In this tutorial, physical and MAC protocols based on RFID and mobile standard will be discussed. There are the following RFID based protocol stacks: RFID, DASH7, NFC.There are the following common mobile standards which are evolving to accommodate IOT applications
What are the programming essentials for LoRa nodes?
LoRa (long-range) technology ensures reliable long-range communication between a node and gateway, making it well-suited for a range of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. The purpose of building a LoRa node is to reduce costs while ensuring long-term, low-power use for devices. LoRa’s low power is affected by several features, covered below. Features Smart programming. The written…
Tagore and Inventchip unveil high-efficiency GaN power supply reference design for diverse applications.
Tagore Technology announced a partnership with Inventchip to introduce a new compact 500 W power supply reference design solution with a Totem Pole PFC front-end and an LLC back-end. Tagore Technology has been delivering disruptive GaN semiconductor solutions for more than 12 years. The reference design uses Tagore’s TP44100SG (90mOhm) and Inventchip’s CCM Totem Pole…